Asociación de las experiencias de discriminación con estrés postraumático, depresión y riesgo suicida en adolescentes del caribe colombiano
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Publicado
Jun 1, 2024
Carmen Cecilia Caballero-Domínguez
Adalberto Campo-Arias
Edwin Herazo
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3730-2750
Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la asociación de las experiencias de discriminación (ED) a estrés postraumático, depresión y riesgo suicida en adolescentes escolarizados de la región Caribe de Colombia. Se diseñó un estudio observacional, analítico transversal en el que participaron 1.462 estudiantes de décimo y undécimo grado. La muestra estudiantil respondió un solo ítems del Cuestionario de Victimización Juvenil (ED por etnia, religión, orientación sexual o por otra condición), Escala Breve Davidson (Estrés Postraumático), el Cuestionario WHO-5 (depresión) y la escala del Centro de Estudios Epidemiológicos (riesgo suicida). El 70,93% de la muestra se encontraba entre 16 y 17 años y el 60,33 % era de género femenino. El 13,41% de la muestra había estado expuesta a ED. El 19,33% puntuaron para estrés postraumático, el 7,04% para depresión y el 13,27% paro alto riesgo suicida. Las ED se asociaron a estrés postraumático (OR=3,29; IC95% 2,36-4,59), depresión (OR=2,35; IC95% 1,45-3,80) y alto riesgo suicida (OR=2,09; IC95% 1,43-3,06). Se concluye que las ED son un factor de riesgo para estrés postraumático, depresión y alto riesgo suicida. Es importante estudiar el papel de las ED en los problemas internalizados y externalizados según condición diferencial de los colectivos diversos.
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Keywords
Experiencia de discriminación, Depresión, Estrés postraumático, Riesgo suicida, Adolescentes
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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-015-9721-3
Campo-Arias, A. (2022). Comportamientos suicidas: Perspectivas del siglo XXI. Editorial Unimagdalena.
Campo-Arias, A., & Herazo, E. (2015). El complejo estigma-discriminación asocia-do a trastorno mental como factor de riesgo de suicidio. Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría, 44(4), 243-250. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rcp.2015.04.003
Campo-Arias, A., Miranda-Tapia, G. A., Cogollo, Z., & Herazo, E. (2015). Reproducibilidad del Índice de Bienestar (WHO-5 WBI) en estudiantes adolescen-tes. Salud Uninorte, 31(1), 18-24.
https://doi.org/10.14482/sun.31.1.5493.
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https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006292033
Carter, R. T., Kirkinis, K., & Johnson, V. E. (2020). Relationships between trauma symptoms and race-based traumatic stress. Traumatology, 26(1), 11–18. https://doi.org/10.1037/trm0000217
Cheng, H. L., & Mallinckrodt, B. (2015). Racial/ethnic discrimination, posttrau-matic stress symptoms, and alcohol problems in a longitudinal study of Hispanic/Latino college students. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 62(1), 38–49. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000052
Chou, T., Asnaani, A., & Hofmann, S. G. (2012). Perception of racial discrimina-tion and psychopathology across three U.S. ethnic minority groups. Cultural Diversity and Ethnic Minority Psychology, 18(1), 74–81.
https://doi.org/10.1037/a0025432
Coker, T., Elliott, M. N., Kanouse, D. E., Grunbaum, J. A., Schwebel, D. C., Gilliland, M. J., Tortolero, S. R., Peskin, M. F., & Schuster, M. A. (2009). Perceived racial/ethnic discrimination among fifth-grade students and its association with mental health. American Journal of Public Health, 99(5), 878-884. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2008.144329
Córdoba, P., Oliva, C., & Galarza, A. (2022). Riesgo suicida y discriminación en adolescentes y jóvenes marplatenses. Psicodebate, 21(2), 61-76.
http://dx.doi.org/10.18682/pd.v21i2.4595
Cristini, F., Scacchi, L., Perkins, D., Santinello, M., & Vieno, A. (2011). The influence of discrimination on immigrant adolescents´ depressive symptoms: What buffers it´s detrimental effects? Colegio Oficial de Psicólogos de Madrid, 20(3). 243-253.
http://dx.doi.org/10.5093/in2011v20n3a2
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Asociación de las experiencias de discriminación con estrés postraumático, depresión y riesgo suicida en adolescentes del caribe colombiano. (2024). Revista Puertorriqueña De Psicologia, 35(1), 84-97. https://doi.org/10.55611/reps.3501.08
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Cómo citar
Asociación de las experiencias de discriminación con estrés postraumático, depresión y riesgo suicida en adolescentes del caribe colombiano. (2024). Revista Puertorriqueña De Psicologia, 35(1), 84-97. https://doi.org/10.55611/reps.3501.08